The Economics of Language
Journal of Economic Literature
vol. 58,
no. 2, June 2020
(pp. 348-404)
Abstract
This paper brings together methodological, theoretical, and empirical analysis into the framework of linguistic diversity. It reflects both historical and contemporary research by economists and other social scientists on the impact of language on economic outcomes and public policies. We examine whether and how language influences human thinking (including emotions) and behavior, and analyze the effects of linguistic distances on trade, migrations, financial markets, language learning, and its returns. The quantitative foundations of linguistic diversity, which rely on group identification, linguistic distances as well as fractionalization, polarization, and disenfranchisement indices are discussed in terms of their empirical challenges and uses. We conclude with an analysis of linguistic policies and examine the trade-offs between the development of labor markets and the social costs that they generate in various countries.Citation
Ginsburgh, Victor, and Shlomo Weber. 2020. "The Economics of Language." Journal of Economic Literature, 58 (2): 348-404. DOI: 10.1257/jel.20191316Additional Materials
JEL Classification
- N30 Economic History: Labor and Consumers, Demography, Education, Health, Welfare, Income, Wealth, Religion, and Philanthropy: General, International, or Comparative
- Z13 Economic Sociology; Economic Anthropology; Language; Social and Economic Stratification