Senate Ratifies Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer (9.21.22)

Question

1) WaPo, U.S. ratifies global treaty curbing climate super-pollutants

With broad bipartisan support, the Senate on Wednesday ratified by a 69-27 vote a global treaty that would sharply limit the emissions of super-pollutants that frequently leak from air conditioners and other types of refrigeration.

The treaty — known as the Kigali Amendment to the 1987 Montreal Protocol — compels countries to phase out the use of the potent hydrofluorocarbons, or HFCs, which are hundreds to thousands of times as powerful as carbon dioxide in speeding up climate change.

The United States became the 137th country to ratify the amendment — and negotiators said the move would encourage the remaining nations to follow suit. The earlier Montreal Protocol clamped down on the production of ozone-depleting substances.

https://www.washingtonpost.com/climate-solutions/2022/09/21/kigali-amendment-senate-super-pollutants-climate/

2) Statement by President Joe Biden on Senate Ratification of the Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol
https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2022/09/21/statement-by-president-joe-biden-on-senate-ratification-of-the-kigali-amendment-to-the-montreal-protocol/

3) State Department: U.S. Ratification of the Kigali Amendment
https://www.state.gov/u-s-ratification-of-the-kigali-amendment/

4) EPA: Recent International Developments under the Montreal Protocol
https://www.epa.gov/ozone-layer-protection/recent-international-developments-under-montreal-protocol

5) UN: Amendment to the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer
https://treaties.un.org/Pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=IND&mtdsg_no=XXVII-2-f&chapter=27&clang=_en

6) UNIDO: The Montreal Protocol evolves to fight climate change
https://www.unido.org/our-focus-safeguarding-environment-implementation-multilateral-environmental-agreements-montreal-protocol/montreal-protocol-evolves-fight-climate-change