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We conduct survey experiments to test how the design of scientific grants—
the money and time awarded—can be used to manage researchers. On average,
researchers are relatively unwilling to trade o! money for time when choosing
among grants. However, there is significant heterogeneity in researchers’ preferences.
Conditional on receiving a grant, di!erent designs cause only minor
changes in researchers’ plans for how they would use the funding. Marginal
changes in grant design are more relevant for selection e!ects (funders’ ability
to attract certain researchers) than treatment e!ects (funders’ ability to change
researchers’ strategies).
